Omni-RGPT: Unifying Image and Video Region-level Understanding via Token Marks

1NVIDIA,    2Yonsei University
*Work done during internship
▶️ Overview Video
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Figure 1: Representative demo examples of Omni-RGPT. We introduce a unified multimodal large language model that integrates region-level understanding for both images and videos. Given user-defined localized region inputs (boxes or masks) accompanied by a corresponding text prompt, Omni-RGPT generates responses tailored to the visual context of each region for both images and videos.
Abstract: We present Omni-RGPT, a multimodal large language model designed to facilitate region-level comprehension for both images and videos. To achieve consistent region representation across spatio-temporal dimensions, we introduce Token Mark, a set of discretized tokens highlighting the target regions within the visual feature space. These tokens are directly embedded into spatial regions using region prompts (e.g., boxes or masks) and simultaneously incorporated into the text prompt to specify the target, establishing a direct connection between visual and text tokens. To further sup- port robust video understanding without requiring tracklets, we introduce an auxiliary task that guides Token Mark by leveraging the consistency of the tokens, enabling stable region interpretation across the video. Additionally, we introduce a large-scale region-level video instruction dataset (RegVID-300k). Omni-RGPT achieves state-of-the-art results on image and video-based commonsense reasoning benchmarks while showing strong performance in captioning and referring expression comprehension tasks.
Architecture Overview

Figure 2: Architecture Overview. Omni-RGPT enables region-level understanding across image and video inputs. Given region prompts (e.g. boxes or masks) in a single image or the initial frame of a video, we assign Token Mark — a set of vectors serving as spatio-temporal region indicators — to the region. These vectors are embedded into the spatial region localized by the region prompt and directly injected into both visual and text prompts to indicate the target. We further introduce Temporal Region Guide Head to achieve robust region understanding in videos without relying on tracklet prompts. Building on Token Mark's consistent representation of target objects across frames, this auxiliary task classifies the target Token Mark for visual tokens in subsequent frames.
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Quantitative Results (Video)
Quantitative Results (Image)
RegVID-300k Dataset
We introduce a large-scale, diverse, and fine-grained Region-level Video Instruction Dataset (RegVID-300k). The dataset includes 98k unique videos, with 214k regions curated from 10 public video datasets and 294k region-level instruction samples.